Kenichi Ohmae
大前研一
Jul 17th 2009
From Economist.com
Kenichi Ohmae (born 1943) is the only internationally renowned Japanese guru who is known for his thinking about strategy rather than about operations. Indeed, he is often referred to as "Mr Strategy". Like Akio Morita (see article) and Ikujiro Nonaka (see article), Ohmae translated Japanese business culture and strategy into English. His books are full of Japanese examples, and they helped familiarise western audiences with Japan's management breakthroughs―for instance, the introduction of the just-in-time (JIT―see article) system at Toyota. At the same time, Ohmae took American and European ideas and interpreted them for a Japanese audience.
大前研一（1943年出生）是唯一一个具有国际声誉的日本管理大师，其名望主要建立在他的战略思考，而非经营成果上。事实上，他经常被指称为"战略先生"。像盛田昭夫（见文章）与野中郁次郎（见文章）一样，大前把日本的企业文化与战略用英语加以表述。他的著作中充满了来自日本的案例，从而使西方的读者开始熟悉日本的管理创新――例如，对于丰田公司精益生产（JIT-见文章）的介绍。同时，大前也把美国与欧洲的思想向日本读者传达并加以解读。
First trained as a nuclear scientist at the Tokyo Institute of Technology and at MIT in Boston, Ohmae became head of McKinsey & Company's Tokyo office in the early 1970s. From there he was an early observer and commentator on the phenomenon of globalisation.
大前首先作为核科学家在东京工业大学与波士顿的MIT（麻省理工学院）接受训练，然后于1970年代就任麦卡锡公司东京办事处主任。在那里他成为全球化现象的一个早期观察者与评论家。
In his later books, "Triad Power" and "The Borderless World", he expounded the view that companies which did not have a full presence in the world's three main trading blocs (Europe, North America and the Pacific Rim) were dangerously vulnerable to competition from those that did. In "The Mind of the Strategist", he set out to show how exceptional Japanese strategists (such as Konosuke Matsushita and Soichiro Honda, often men who had had no formal business education) used vision and intuition to turn their ideas into action. For many in the West, who believed Japanese industry was built on rational analysis and the subjugation of individual creativity, it was an eye-opener.
在他随后的两部著作，"三位一体的力量"与"没有国界的世界"中，他阐述了这样的观点：那些业务没有全面覆盖世界上三个主要贸易圈（欧洲、北美、环太平洋）的公司，面对已经这样做的公司的竞争时，存在致命的缺陷。在"战略家的头脑"一书中，他展现了日本的战略家们如何非比寻常地（比如松下幸之助与本田宗一郎，他们通常没有接受正规的商科教育）运用愿景与直觉来把他们的想法付诸行动。对于很多相信日本企业主要建筑在理性分析与抑制个体创造这一基础上的西方人来说，真是大开眼界。
The word "overseas" has no place in Honda's vocabulary, because it sees itself as equidistant from all its key customers.Ohmae was also influential in spreading the idea that a major difference between Japanese corporations and their western counterparts was the time frame within which they worked. Japanese firms look to the longer term, whereas western firms, driven by the demands of their stockmarkets, are more focused on short-term profits. He argued that this difference led western companies to pay too little attention to their customers.
在本田公司的词典中没有"海外"一说，因为它把自己与所有关键客户的距离看做是等同的。大前还是以下观点的有力传播者，即日本企业与西方企业间的主要差别体现在它们所致力的时间架构上。日本公司面向更长期的发展，而西方公司因受其股票市场所迫，更关心短期利润。他认为这一差别使西方公司对于自己的客户关注得较少。
Ohmae is a man of many parts in a country whose people are known for specialisms rather than broad interests. An accomplished clarinettist and a motor-cycle enthusiast, he has said that he is more interested in "society, social systems and large corporate activities on a global scale" than in the strategic plans of companies that think global but act local. In 1995, at the same time as he left McKinsey after more than 20 years, he wrote a book called "The End of the Nation State". That same year he stood for election as governor of Tokyo, equivalent to being mayor of London or New York. He failed to win the election, however, and in 1997 he joined the school of public and social research at UCLA in California.
生活在一个其国民以专业化而非广博的兴趣闻名的国家，大前本人却多才多艺。他是一个有造诣的单簧管演奏者与摩托车发烧友，曾说自己对"社会、社会体系，以及大型公司全球范围内的活动"更感兴趣，而非一个有国际化思维，行动却局限在本土的公司。1995年在离开了工作20多年的麦卡锡公司之际，他写了一本名为"民族国家的终结"的书。同一年，他开始竞选东京都知事――一个重要性等同于伦敦或纽约市长的职位。然而竞选最终失利，1997年他加入了位于加利福尼亚的UCLA（加州大学洛杉矶分校）的公共与社会研究学院。
Notable publications
重要著作
"The Mind of the Strategist", McGraw-Hill, 1982
战略家的头脑
"Triad Power: The Coming Shape of Global Competition", Free Press, 1985
三位一体的力量：环球竞争将要到来的形态
"The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy", Collins, 1990; Fontana, 1992
无国界的世界：一体化经济的力量和战略
More management gurus
更多管理大师
This profile is adapted from "The Economist Guide to Management Ideas and Gurus", by Tim Hindle (Profile Books; 322 pages; £20). The guide has the low-down on more than 50 of the world's most influential management thinkers past and present and over 100 of the most influential business-management ideas. To buy this book, please visit our online shop.
这一传略采自"经济学人管理思想与大师指南"，Tim Hindle著 (Profile Books; 322 pages; £20)。该指南有50名以上全世界最有影响力的在世与去世的管理思想家的实情介绍，以及超过100个最有影响力的商业管理观念。想买这本书，请访问我们的在线商店。
大前研一
Jul 17th 2009
From Economist.com
Kenichi Ohmae (born 1943) is the only internationally renowned Japanese guru who is known for his thinking about strategy rather than about operations. Indeed, he is often referred to as "Mr Strategy". Like Akio Morita (see article) and Ikujiro Nonaka (see article), Ohmae translated Japanese business culture and strategy into English. His books are full of Japanese examples, and they helped familiarise western audiences with Japan's management breakthroughs―for instance, the introduction of the just-in-time (JIT―see article) system at Toyota. At the same time, Ohmae took American and European ideas and interpreted them for a Japanese audience.
大前研一（1943年出生）是唯一一个具有国际声誉的日本管理大师，其名望主要建立在他的战略思考，而非经营成果上。事实上，他经常被指称为"战略先生"。像盛田昭夫（见文章）与野中郁次郎（见文章）一样，大前把日本的企业文化与战略用英语加以表述。他的著作中充满了来自日本的案例，从而使西方的读者开始熟悉日本的管理创新――例如，对于丰田公司精益生产（JIT-见文章）的介绍。同时，大前也把美国与欧洲的思想向日本读者传达并加以解读。
First trained as a nuclear scientist at the Tokyo Institute of Technology and at MIT in Boston, Ohmae became head of McKinsey & Company's Tokyo office in the early 1970s. From there he was an early observer and commentator on the phenomenon of globalisation.
大前首先作为核科学家在东京工业大学与波士顿的MIT（麻省理工学院）接受训练，然后于1970年代就任麦卡锡公司东京办事处主任。在那里他成为全球化现象的一个早期观察者与评论家。
In his later books, "Triad Power" and "The Borderless World", he expounded the view that companies which did not have a full presence in the world's three main trading blocs (Europe, North America and the Pacific Rim) were dangerously vulnerable to competition from those that did. In "The Mind of the Strategist", he set out to show how exceptional Japanese strategists (such as Konosuke Matsushita and Soichiro Honda, often men who had had no formal business education) used vision and intuition to turn their ideas into action. For many in the West, who believed Japanese industry was built on rational analysis and the subjugation of individual creativity, it was an eye-opener.
在他随后的两部著作，"三位一体的力量"与"没有国界的世界"中，他阐述了这样的观点：那些业务没有全面覆盖世界上三个主要贸易圈（欧洲、北美、环太平洋）的公司，面对已经这样做的公司的竞争时，存在致命的缺陷。在"战略家的头脑"一书中，他展现了日本的战略家们如何非比寻常地（比如松下幸之助与本田宗一郎，他们通常没有接受正规的商科教育）运用愿景与直觉来把他们的想法付诸行动。对于很多相信日本企业主要建筑在理性分析与抑制个体创造这一基础上的西方人来说，真是大开眼界。
The word "overseas" has no place in Honda's vocabulary, because it sees itself as equidistant from all its key customers.Ohmae was also influential in spreading the idea that a major difference between Japanese corporations and their western counterparts was the time frame within which they worked. Japanese firms look to the longer term, whereas western firms, driven by the demands of their stockmarkets, are more focused on short-term profits. He argued that this difference led western companies to pay too little attention to their customers.
在本田公司的词典中没有"海外"一说，因为它把自己与所有关键客户的距离看做是等同的。大前还是以下观点的有力传播者，即日本企业与西方企业间的主要差别体现在它们所致力的时间架构上。日本公司面向更长期的发展，而西方公司因受其股票市场所迫，更关心短期利润。他认为这一差别使西方公司对于自己的客户关注得较少。
Ohmae is a man of many parts in a country whose people are known for specialisms rather than broad interests. An accomplished clarinettist and a motor-cycle enthusiast, he has said that he is more interested in "society, social systems and large corporate activities on a global scale" than in the strategic plans of companies that think global but act local. In 1995, at the same time as he left McKinsey after more than 20 years, he wrote a book called "The End of the Nation State". That same year he stood for election as governor of Tokyo, equivalent to being mayor of London or New York. He failed to win the election, however, and in 1997 he joined the school of public and social research at UCLA in California.
生活在一个其国民以专业化而非广博的兴趣闻名的国家，大前本人却多才多艺。他是一个有造诣的单簧管演奏者与摩托车发烧友，曾说自己对"社会、社会体系，以及大型公司全球范围内的活动"更感兴趣，而非一个有国际化思维，行动却局限在本土的公司。1995年在离开了工作20多年的麦卡锡公司之际，他写了一本名为"民族国家的终结"的书。同一年，他开始竞选东京都知事――一个重要性等同于伦敦或纽约市长的职位。然而竞选最终失利，1997年他加入了位于加利福尼亚的UCLA（加州大学洛杉矶分校）的公共与社会研究学院。
Notable publications
重要著作
"The Mind of the Strategist", McGraw-Hill, 1982
战略家的头脑
"Triad Power: The Coming Shape of Global Competition", Free Press, 1985
三位一体的力量：环球竞争将要到来的形态
"The Borderless World: Power and Strategy in the Interlinked Economy", Collins, 1990; Fontana, 1992
无国界的世界：一体化经济的力量和战略
More management gurus
更多管理大师
This profile is adapted from "The Economist Guide to Management Ideas and Gurus", by Tim Hindle (Profile Books; 322 pages; £20). The guide has the low-down on more than 50 of the world's most influential management thinkers past and present and over 100 of the most influential business-management ideas. To buy this book, please visit our online shop.
这一传略采自"经济学人管理思想与大师指南"，Tim Hindle著 (Profile Books; 322 pages; £20)。该指南有50名以上全世界最有影响力的在世与去世的管理思想家的实情介绍，以及超过100个最有影响力的商业管理观念。想买这本书，请访问我们的在线商店。
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