浅谈"as…as…结构"的用法
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安徽科技贸易学校 刘晓琪
"as + 形容词或副词原级 + as…" 意为"和……一样"，表示同级的比较，此种结构分为三种：
（一）" as … as …结构"用于同一性质的比较，意为"……和……一样…… " 。例如：
The tree is as tall as the building(is) ．
as cool as cucumber 沉着的，
as stubborn as a mule 非常顽强的，倔强的，
as clear as crystal 非常透明的，
as poor as a church mouse 非常贫困的，
as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙碌，
as deep as a well 像井一样深，
as light as a feather 像羽毛一样轻，
as soft as butter 像黄油一样软。
（三）" as … as …结构"用于表示两个人或物不同性质的比较，表示程度相同或相当，意为"……而……"。。例如：
He was as handsome as his wife was beautiful．他长得非常英俊，他的妻子也长得非常漂亮。
在否定句中结构是" so/as…as… "
He cannot run so/as fast as you. 他没你跑得快。
需要注意的是： "as + 形容词或副词原级 + as…" 结构的变体形式是" as + 形容词 + a + 单数名词 + as 或 as + many/much + 名词 + as "。意为"……和……一样…… " 。例如：
I don't want as expensive a car as this. ＝ I don't want a car as expensive as this ．
This is as good an example as the other is.
Tony is as clever a boy as his brother ．
I can carry as much paper as you can.
此外，变体结构的否定形式为" so +adj. + a/an + n. ( 单数 ) + as " 。例如：
I am not so strong a man as I was.
我已经没有从前那么强壮了。
二、 "as … as… 结构 " 中常见词组和句式的用法
（一）词组" as long as "意思是 " 长达 …… 之久；只要 ……" 。
It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.
You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back.
As long as you work hard, you are sure to succeed in everything.
（二）词组" as far as " 意思是"那么远，就… … 而知，就… … 言，"
He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.
As far as I'm concerned, she is the most qualified for the job.
（三）句式 " as+ many/much+ 名词 +as" 意思是" …… 和 …… 一样"。此结构是词组" as much as "和" as many as "的变体形式。如：
To eat too much is as much a bad thing as to eat nothing.
吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。
He is as much a member of the orchestra as Tom.
他和汤姆同样是管弦乐队的成员。
Comets are just as much members of the sun's family as(are) the other planets.
彗星和其他的行星同样是太阳家族的成员。
（四）以下几个结构的意思都差不多：" as … as possible/as…as one can(could)/as…as…can be" 都表示"尽可能地… … "的意思。 如：
Read the story as quickly as possible. = Read the story as quickly as you can.
They watered the trees as often as possible. = They watered the trees as often as they could.
as wise as wise can be 再聪明不过了
as white as white can be 白得不能再白了
as wrong as wrong can be 错得太离谱了
（五）" as … as usual/ever/before "此结构的意思是"像平时 / 以前一样"。如：
He gets up as early as usual.
He seems to be as busy as ever.
He works as hard as ever.
（六）" as … as …结构"可以用来表示倍数。具体用法是倍数词： twice ， three times ， half 或 a quarter 置于第一个 as 之前，意思是" …… 是 …… 的几倍"。如：
You are not half as clever as you think you are ．
She isn 't going out with a man who is twice as old as she ．
We've produced twice as much cotton this year as we did last year.
She works three times as hard as I.
需要注意的是，在比较级前还可以用" over, more than " 等表示"比 …… 倍数还要多"。如：
He is more than three times as rich as I.
I am more than twice as old as he.
He studies more than three times as hard as I.
He has collected more than four times as many stamps as I.
（七）词组" as well as "意思是"像…一样好，既…又… , 除之外还"，此短语使用频率十分高，用途非常广泛。它可以用作连词和介词，也可以表示比较。具体用法如下：
1. 词组" as well as "用作连词。连接两个并列的同等成分，其意义为"不但……而且……"，"既……又……"，这时相当于" not only … but also… "。
He speaks Japanese as well as English and French.
他不但讲英语和法语，而且还讲日语。
2. 词组" as well as "用作介词。此时，相当于 besides ，意为"除……之外"，后常接名词、动名词。如：
As well as visiting the old man, he helped to clean the room.
除看望老人外，他还帮助打扫房间。
3. " as well as "用于同级比较 , 意为"和……一样（好）"，这时，第一个 as 是副词，第二个 as 是连词，引导一个状语从句，表示同级比较。如：
He can operate the machine as well as I do.
他操作这台机器和我一样熟练。
（ 4 ）当" as well as "前的动词是分词或不定式，那么" as well as " 后的动词应取相应的形式（不定式不带 to ）。如：
You can't expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.
你不可能叫她既做家务又照看小孩。
She sings as well as playing the piano.
她不但会弹琴，而且会唱歌。
Heavy smoking runs away with your money, as well as being bad for your health.
抽烟多既浪费金钱，又对健康不利。
We are repairing the roof, as well as painting the walls. 我们既油漆墙壁，又修房顶。
（ 7 ） " as well as "也可以用于否定结构中，当 not 位于" as well as " 后时，两者都否定；当 not 用于 as well as 前时，否定前者，肯定后者。试比较：
I shall not see the film as well as he.
他将去看电影，而我不去。
I, as well as he, shall not see the film.
他不去看电影，我也不去。
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